PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
…heart disease remains the No. 1 killer in America; nearly half of all Americans have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or smoke—some of the leading risk factors for heart disease…
—Murphy et al., 2018
Despite the high mortality rates associated with cardiovascular disorders, improved treatment options do exist that can help address those risk factors that afflict the majority of the population today.
As an advanced practice nurse, it is your responsibility to recommend appropriate treatment options for patients with cardiovascular disorders. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy, advanced practice nurses must consider aspects that might influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes such as medical history, other drugs currently prescribed, and individual patient factors.
Reference: Murphy, S. L., Xu, J., Kochanek, K. D., & Arias, E. (2018). Mortality in the United States, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/
RESOURCES
Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources.
ARNING RESOURCES
Required Readings
- Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2021). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice nurses and physician assistants (2nd ed.) St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
- Chapter 33, “Review of Hemodynamics” (pp. 285–289)
- Chapter 37, “Diuretics” (pp. 290–296)
- Chapter 38, “Drugs Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System” (pp. 297–307)
- Chapter 39, “Calcium Channel Blockers” (pp. 308–312)
- Chapter 40, “Vasodilators” (pp. 313–317)
- Chapter 41, “Drugs for Hypertension” (pp. 316–324)
- Chapter 42, “Drugs for Heart Failure” (pp. 325–336)
- Chapter 43, “Antidysrhythmic Drugs” (pp. 337–348)
- Chapter 44, “Prophylaxis of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: Drugs That Help Normalize Cholesterol and Triglyceride Levels” (pp. 349–363)
- Chapter 45, “Drugs for Angina Pectoris” (pp. 364–371)
- Chapter 46, “Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Drugs” (pp. 372–388)
Required Media
Cardiovascular Disorders
- Meet Dr. Norbert Myslinski as he discusses ACE inhibitors, angiotensin inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and diuretics as different categories of hypertension drugs. What potential drugs might be best recommended for patients suffering from hypertension? (8m)
To Prepare
- Review the Resources for this module and consider the impact of potential pharmacotherapeutics for cardiovascular disorders introduced in the media piece.
- Review the case study assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
- Select one the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior factors.
- Reflect on how the factor you selected might influence the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
- Consider how changes in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy.
- Think about how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes. Reflect on whether you would modify the current drug treatment or provide an alternative treatment option for the patient.
BY DAY 7 OF WEEK 2
Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:
- Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned.
- Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.
- Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan and explain why you would make these recommended improvements.
Solution
Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders.
Name
Institution
Course
Instructor
Date
Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders.
Pharmacotherapy is an integral part of the management of cardiovascular diseases. It has been shown to save many lives and also act as prolonging life interventions while, at the same time, enhancing the lives of people living with cardiovascular disorders (Schwartz et al., 2019). Over the past years, several pharmacological agents have effectively managed cardiovascular conditions. According to Schwartz et al. (2019), some conditions that have since benefited from the influx of emerging pharmacological agents include heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke, and coagulation disorders, among others. However, several factors must be considered when prescribing or administering pharmacotherapy for patients with cardiovascular conditions. Such factors include age, genetics, gender, behavioral characteristics, and ethnicity (Schwartz et al., 2019). This paper will discuss how age might influence a patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes from the provided case. It will also outline how changes in the therapy sessions will impact the recommended therapy for the patient. Lastly, the paper will state recommendations for improving the patient’s treatment.
Case Study
86-year-old female LM is admitted to the emergency department with delirium. She has a history of A Fib, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, osteoarthritis for 1, 10, 5, and 7 years, respectively, and GERD for 20 years. She takes Digoxin, Metoprolol, Warfarin, APAP, Omeprazole, and a multivitamin. She has been married to
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